Macroscopic criteria for Green type porous materials with spheroidal voids: application to double porous materials          下载免费PDF全文

W. Q. Shen  J.‐F. Shao  D. Kondo 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(13):1453-1473

Combined effects of matrix plastic compressibility and void shape are investigated for ductile porous materials. To this end, a spheroidal volume containing a confocal spheroidal (prolate or oblate) void subjected to uniform strain rate boundary conditions has been first studied. A Green type matrix is chosen as a prototype for investigating effects of plastic compressibility. This is carried out by using a kinematics limit analysis theory from which a closed‐form expression of the macroscopic criterion is established for the considered class of materials. These results are then extended to ductile porous materials made up of a green matrix containing randomly oriented spheroidal voids. In the framework of a two‐step homogenization procedure, the obtained results are implemented to describe the macroscopic behavior of double porous materials involving spherical voids at the microscale and randomly oriented and distributed spheroidal voids at the mesoscale. For validation purpose, the new derived criteria are assessed and validated by comparing their predictions to available upper bounds and numerical data from literature. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Evaluation of distributed BMPs in an urban watershed—High resolution modeling for stormwater management          下载免费PDF全文

Timothy J. Fry  Reed M. Maxwell 《水文研究》2017,31(15):2700-2712

The urban environment modifies the hydrologic cycle resulting in increased runoff rates, volumes, and peak flows. Green infrastructure, which uses best management practices (BMPs), is a natural system approach used to mitigate the impacts of urbanization onto stormwater runoff. Patterns of stormwater runoff from urban environments are complex, and it is unclear how efficiently green infrastructure will improve the urban water cycle. These challenges arise from issues of scale, the merits of BMPs depend on changes to small‐scale hydrologic processes aggregated up from the neighborhood to the urban watershed. Here, we use a hyper‐resolution (1 m), physically based hydrologic model of the urban hydrologic cycle with explicit inclusion of the built environment. This model represents the changes to hydrology at the BMP scale (~1 m) and represents each individual BMP explicitly to represent response over the urban watershed. Our study varies both the percentage of BMP emplacement and their spatial location for storm events of increasing intensity in an urban watershed. We develop a metric of effectiveness that indicates a nonlinear relationship that is seen between percent BMP emplacement and storm intensity. Results indicate that BMP effectiveness varies with spatial location and that type and emplacement within the urban watershed may be more important than overall percent.  相似文献   

Surfactant Enhance DLLME/FO‐LADS: Assay of Malachite Green Level in Aquatic Environment of Trout Fish     

Araz Bidari  Mohammad Reza Ganjali  Parviz Norouzi 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(1):83-87

Malachite green (MG), a traditional agent used in aquaculture although is not approved; its low cost and high efficacy make illicit use likely. We developed a small‐scale, simple, and sensitive dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure for the assay of trace amounts of MG in aquatic environment of Trout fish. Fiber optic‐linear array detection spectrophotometry with charge‐coupled device detector benefiting from a microcell was used for this purpose. The method is based on enhancement effect of an anionic surfactant on the extraction of MG in to very fine multidroplets of microextraction solvent which made assisted by disperser solvent. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factor 77.5 was obtained from a 5‐mL water sample. The calibration graph was linear up to 5 × 10^?7 mol L^?1 with detection limit of 1 × 10^?8 mol L^?1. The relative standard deviation for seven replicate measurements of 4 × 10^?7 and 5 × 10^?8 mol L^?1 of MG were 3.3 and 4.5%, respectively.  相似文献   

大陆天然气水合物的资源开发与环境研究刍议     

刘玉山  吴必豪 《矿床地质》2011,30(4):711-724

天然气水合物分为大陆型和海洋型两大类.大陆型天然气水合物矿床常赋存于永久冻土带,如西伯利亚,加拿大北部,阿拉斯加.近年来,中国在青海木里的冻土带也发现了天然气水合物,它们赋存在l000m深的砂岩和泥岩层中.大陆天然气水合物的资源量是相当巨大的,估计约为(1～7.4)×1014m3甲烷.现在科学家已经研究出从冻土带水合物...  相似文献   

陕西红柱石矿开发利用现状及其外围资源潜力分析     

张选固  李晓雄  王宗科 《矿产与地质》2011,25(4):340-344

陕西省红柱石矿开发已有十多年的历史,有一套成熟的加工处理红柱石矿的方法和经验.矿石加工方法简单,也无须添加任何药剂,生产成本低,对周围环境影响小,矿山的经济效益和社会效益良好.在陕西宝鸡地区的眉县、太白境内分布有大量的花岗岩和花岗闪长岩,围绕岩体分布有大量的泥质板岩、千枚岩,成矿地质条件得天独厚,具有寻找、开发红柱石矿...  相似文献   

丹东绿玉石的宝玉石学特征研究     

丛众  吴瑞华  王时麒  师伟 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(Z1):126-132

通过偏光显微镜、电子探针、X射线粉末衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线荧光光谱、微量元素测试等对丹东绿玉石样品进行了常规矿物学、谱学特征研究。结果表明,丹东绿玉石是以蛇纹石为主要矿物,镁橄榄石、白云石、水镁石、绿泥石、伊利石为次要矿物的蛇纹石化镁橄榄石矽卡岩。  相似文献   

绿色翡翠颜色分布规律研究     

张晓伟  郭颖 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(Z1):23-26

采用国际照明委员会CIE LAB色度坐标,定量描述了翡翠的绿色,分析了颜色的分布情况,总结其分布规律,建立起翡翠绿色L^*、a^*、b^*、C^*、h_ab的分布关系。当明度较小时,色调角几乎不变,彩度和明度呈现近似的线性相关;当明度变大时,色调角的变化幅度稍大,彩度值在明度中等偏低时变为最大。这些信息将在很大程度上对翡翠绿色分级的细化起到积极作用,可以用来指导翡翠色卡的制备。  相似文献   

自然村落的生态化维持与规划——以景德镇市浮梁县三龙乡盘溪村为案例     

魏晗 《中国勘察设计》2011,(2):53-56

我们如何让原生态自然村落不再随着新农村的盲目建设而销声匿迹?如何让原生态村落成为一种特色文化而去创造价值?让原生态与我们的现代生活相结合,在两者相碰撞的火花里寻求一种特殊的保护途径,既让原生态环境完整的保留,又让其成为一种具有代表性的地域文化。更重要的利用生态学的科学方法来设计并且实施规划,参考成功案例,从细节做起,真正意义上做到对试点村落的生态化维持和规划。  相似文献   

巨野煤田矿坑热水特征及其开发利用     

李公岩  刘红  李霖  贾德旺  张敏 《山东地质》2011,(9):31-35

根据矿坑热水水质、水量、水温,立足矿山实际,因地制宜提出了综合开发利用方式：赵楼煤矿矿坑水可向巨野县城提供洗浴用水;彭庄煤矿矿坑水宜作为种植冬暖式大棚蔬菜的热源;经热能梯级利用后,郭屯煤矿矿坑水可与低氟水混合后作为水产养殖用水;龙堌煤矿矿坑排水量大,距巨野县城较近,经降酸处理后可作为城镇工业供水水源。矿坑水经全部梯级利用后,可节省地下水资源及煤炭资源费2 493.84万元/a。  相似文献   

青海省天峻县木里煤田煤层气有利区块的 多层次模糊数学评判     

邵龙义  文怀军  李永红  周俊  蔡玉良  贾志燿  鲁静 《地质通报》2011,30(12):1896-1903

对影响煤层气勘探开发潜力的各种因素进行了综合研究,确定了煤层气勘探开发潜力评价的3个二级指标(生气潜力、储层物性和封盖性能)及对应的三级指标。采用模糊数学方法对各级因素指标赋予权重,建立了用于煤层气勘探开发潜力评价的多层次模糊数学评判模型。利用该模型,对青海木里煤田中低煤阶煤层气资源勘探开发潜力进行了评价,认为江仓矿区是木里煤层气勘探开发的最佳试验区。所建立的评价体系可以作为中低煤阶煤层气资源开发潜力评价的参考体系。  相似文献